- Log into linkreferral
- search for sites from your favorite category.
- visit 30 sites, review 5 of them, post 1 forum, add 1 to favorites
- It's done
Try this, a really good one....
Saturday, October 4, 2008
Best traffic provider - Linkreferral
Hi friends, I just started using this service recently...this is great..In two days without even making an effort, I earned some 30 visitors...If you are able to rank in the top 10, then you are assured of atleast 50-60 visitors per day..all you've got to do is
Try this, a really good one....
Try this, a really good one....
Friday, October 3, 2008
The Existence of GOD: The best argument
A VERY INTERESTING CONVERSATION
An Atheist Professor of Philosophy was speaking to his Class on the Problem Science has
with GOD, the ALMIGHTY. He asked one of his New Christian Students to stand and . . .
Professor : You are a Christian, aren't you, son ?
Student : Yes, sir.
Professor : So, you Believe in GOD ?
Student : Absolutely, sir.
Professor : Is GOD Good ?
Student : Sure.
Professor : Is GOD ALL - POWERFUL ?
Student : Yes.
Professor : My Brotherdied of Cancer even though he Prayed to GOD to Heal him.
Most of us would attempt to help others who are ill.
But GOD didn't. How is this GOD good then? Hmm?
(Student was silent )
Professor : You can't answer, can you ? Let's start again, Young Fella.
Is GOD Good?
Student : Yes.
Professor : Is Satan good ?
Student : No.
Professor : Where does Satan come from ?
Student : From . . . GOD . . .
Professor : That's right. Tell me son, is there evil in this World?
Student : Yes.
Professor : Evil is everywhere, isn't it ? And GOD did make everything. Correct?
Student : Yes.
Professor : So who created evil ?
(Student did not answer)
Professor : Is there Sickness? Immorality? Hatred? Ugliness?
All these terrible things exist in the World, don't they?
Student : Yes, sir.
Professor : So, who Created them ?
(Student had no answer)
Professor : Science says you have 5 Sensesyou use to Identify and Observe the World around you.
Tell me, son . . . Have you ever Seen GOD?
Student : No, sir.
Professor : Tell us if you have ever Heard your GOD?
Student : No , sir.
Professor : Have you ever Felt your GOD, Tasted your GOD, Smelt your GOD?
Have you ever had any Sensory Perception of GODfor that matter?
Student : No, sir. I'm afraid I haven't.
Professor : Yet you still Believe in HIM?
Student : Yes.
Professor : According to Empirical, Testable, Demonstrable Protocol,
Science says your GOD doesn't exist. What do you say to that, son?
Student : Nothing. I only have my Faith.
Professor : Yes,Faith. And that is the Problem Science has.
Student : Professor, is there such a thing as Heat?
Professor : Yes.
Student : And is there such a thing as Cold?
Professor : Yes.
Student : No, sir. There isn't.
(The Lecture Theatre became very quiet with this turn of events )
Student : Sir, you can have Lots of Heat, even More Heat, Superheat, Mega Heat, White Heat,
a Little Heat or No Heat.
But we don't have anything called Cold.
We can hit 458 Degrees below Zero which is No Heat, but we can't go any further after that.
There is no such thing as Cold.
Cold is only a Word we use to describe the Absence of Heat.
We cannot Measure Cold.
Heat is Energy.
Cold is Not the Opposite of Heat, sir, just the Absence of it.
(There was Pin-Drop Silence in the Lecture Theatre )
Student : What about Darkness, Professor? Is there such a thing as Darkness?
Professor : Yes. What is Night if there isn't Darkness?
Student : You're wrong again, sir.
Darkness is the Absence of Something
You can have Low Light, Normal Light, Bright Light, Flashing Light . . .
But if you have No Light constantly, you have nothing and its called Darkness, isn't it?
In reality, Darkness isn't.
If it is, were you would be able to make Darkness Darker, wouldn't you?
Professor : So what is the point you are making, Young Man ?
Student : Sir, my point is your Philosophical Premise is flawed.
Professor : Flawed ? Can you explain how?
Student : Sir, you are working on the Premise of Duality.
You argue there is Life and then there is Death, a Good GOD and a Bad GOD.
You are viewing the Concept of GOD as something finite, something we can measure.
Sir, Science can't even explain a Thought.
It uses Electricity and Magnetism, but has never seen, much less fully understood either one.
To view Death as the Opposite of Life is to be ignorant of the fact that
Death cannot exist as a Substantive Thing.
Death is Not the Opposite of Life: just the Absence of it.
Now tell me, Professor, do you teach your Students that they evolved from a Monkey?
Professor : If you are referring to the Natural Evolutionary Process, yes, of course, I do.
Student : Have you ever observed Evolution with your own eyes, sir?
(The Professorshook his head with a Smile, beginning to realize where the Argument was going )
Student : Since no one has ever observed the Process of Evolution at work and
Cannot even prove that this Process is an On-Going Endeavor,
Are you not teaching your Opinion, sir?
Are you not a Scientist but a Preacher?
(The Class was in Uproar )
Student : Is there anyone in the Class who has ever seen the Professor's Brain?
(The Class broke out into Laughter )
Student : Is there anyone here who has ever heard the Professor's Brain, Felt it, touched or Smelt it? . . .
No one appears to have done so.
So, according to the Established Rules of Empirical, Stable, Demonstrable Protocol,
Science says that You have No Brain, sir.
With all due respect, sir, how do we then Trust your Lectures, sir?
(The Room was Silent. The Professor stared at the Student, his face unfathomable)
Professor : I guess you'll have to take them on Faith, son.
Student : That is it sir . . . Exactly !
The Link between Man & GOD is FAITH.
That is all that Keeps Things Alive and Moving.
NB:
I believe you have enjoyed the Conversation . . . and if so . . .
You'll probably want your Friends / Colleagues to enjoy the same . . . won't you?
…………That student was Albert Einstein.
An Atheist Professor of Philosophy was speaking to his Class on the Problem Science has
with GOD, the ALMIGHTY. He asked one of his New Christian Students to stand and . . .
Professor : You are a Christian, aren't you, son ?
Student : Yes, sir.
Professor : So, you Believe in GOD ?
Student : Absolutely, sir.
Professor : Is GOD Good ?
Student : Sure.
Professor : Is GOD ALL - POWERFUL ?
Student : Yes.
Professor : My Brotherdied of Cancer even though he Prayed to GOD to Heal him.
Most of us would attempt to help others who are ill.
But GOD didn't. How is this GOD good then? Hmm?
(Student was silent )
Professor : You can't answer, can you ? Let's start again, Young Fella.
Is GOD Good?
Student : Yes.
Professor : Is Satan good ?
Student : No.
Professor : Where does Satan come from ?
Student : From . . . GOD . . .
Professor : That's right. Tell me son, is there evil in this World?
Student : Yes.
Professor : Evil is everywhere, isn't it ? And GOD did make everything. Correct?
Student : Yes.
Professor : So who created evil ?
(Student did not answer)
Professor : Is there Sickness? Immorality? Hatred? Ugliness?
All these terrible things exist in the World, don't they?
Student : Yes, sir.
Professor : So, who Created them ?
(Student had no answer)
Professor : Science says you have 5 Sensesyou use to Identify and Observe the World around you.
Tell me, son . . . Have you ever Seen GOD?
Student : No, sir.
Professor : Tell us if you have ever Heard your GOD?
Student : No , sir.
Professor : Have you ever Felt your GOD, Tasted your GOD, Smelt your GOD?
Have you ever had any Sensory Perception of GODfor that matter?
Student : No, sir. I'm afraid I haven't.
Professor : Yet you still Believe in HIM?
Student : Yes.
Professor : According to Empirical, Testable, Demonstrable Protocol,
Science says your GOD doesn't exist. What do you say to that, son?
Student : Nothing. I only have my Faith.
Professor : Yes,Faith. And that is the Problem Science has.
Student : Professor, is there such a thing as Heat?
Professor : Yes.
Student : And is there such a thing as Cold?
Professor : Yes.
Student : No, sir. There isn't.
(The Lecture Theatre became very quiet with this turn of events )
Student : Sir, you can have Lots of Heat, even More Heat, Superheat, Mega Heat, White Heat,
a Little Heat or No Heat.
But we don't have anything called Cold.
We can hit 458 Degrees below Zero which is No Heat, but we can't go any further after that.
There is no such thing as Cold.
Cold is only a Word we use to describe the Absence of Heat.
We cannot Measure Cold.
Heat is Energy.
Cold is Not the Opposite of Heat, sir, just the Absence of it.
(There was Pin-Drop Silence in the Lecture Theatre )
Student : What about Darkness, Professor? Is there such a thing as Darkness?
Professor : Yes. What is Night if there isn't Darkness?
Student : You're wrong again, sir.
Darkness is the Absence of Something
You can have Low Light, Normal Light, Bright Light, Flashing Light . . .
But if you have No Light constantly, you have nothing and its called Darkness, isn't it?
In reality, Darkness isn't.
If it is, were you would be able to make Darkness Darker, wouldn't you?
Professor : So what is the point you are making, Young Man ?
Student : Sir, my point is your Philosophical Premise is flawed.
Professor : Flawed ? Can you explain how?
Student : Sir, you are working on the Premise of Duality.
You argue there is Life and then there is Death, a Good GOD and a Bad GOD.
You are viewing the Concept of GOD as something finite, something we can measure.
Sir, Science can't even explain a Thought.
It uses Electricity and Magnetism, but has never seen, much less fully understood either one.
To view Death as the Opposite of Life is to be ignorant of the fact that
Death cannot exist as a Substantive Thing.
Death is Not the Opposite of Life: just the Absence of it.
Now tell me, Professor, do you teach your Students that they evolved from a Monkey?
Professor : If you are referring to the Natural Evolutionary Process, yes, of course, I do.
Student : Have you ever observed Evolution with your own eyes, sir?
(The Professorshook his head with a Smile, beginning to realize where the Argument was going )
Student : Since no one has ever observed the Process of Evolution at work and
Cannot even prove that this Process is an On-Going Endeavor,
Are you not teaching your Opinion, sir?
Are you not a Scientist but a Preacher?
(The Class was in Uproar )
Student : Is there anyone in the Class who has ever seen the Professor's Brain?
(The Class broke out into Laughter )
Student : Is there anyone here who has ever heard the Professor's Brain, Felt it, touched or Smelt it? . . .
No one appears to have done so.
So, according to the Established Rules of Empirical, Stable, Demonstrable Protocol,
Science says that You have No Brain, sir.
With all due respect, sir, how do we then Trust your Lectures, sir?
(The Room was Silent. The Professor stared at the Student, his face unfathomable)
Professor : I guess you'll have to take them on Faith, son.
Student : That is it sir . . . Exactly !
The Link between Man & GOD is FAITH.
That is all that Keeps Things Alive and Moving.
NB:
I believe you have enjoyed the Conversation . . . and if so . . .
You'll probably want your Friends / Colleagues to enjoy the same . . . won't you?
…………That student was Albert Einstein.
Thursday, October 2, 2008
An interesting INFY interview
Hi friends,
I dont know whether it is true...I found it in net...quite an interesting stuff...
enjoy the conversation.
Interviewer: Tell me about yourself.
Candidate: I am Kondesh Kulkarni. I did my Tele Communication engineering from BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology.
Interviewer: BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology? I had never heard of this college before!
Candidate: Great! Even I had not heard of it before getting an admission into it. What happened is - due to cricket world cup I scored badly in 12th. I was getting a paid seat in a good college. But my father said (I prefer to call him 'baap') - "I cannot invest so much of money". (The baap actually said - "I will never waste so much of money on you"). So I had to join this college. Frankly speaking this name - BabanRao Dhole-Patil, can at the most be related to a Shetakari Mahavidyalaya.
Interviewer: ok, ok. It seems you have taken 6 years to complete your engineering.
Candidate : Actually I tried my best to finish it in 4 years. But you know , these cricket matches and football world cup, and tennis tournaments..It is difficult to concentrate. So I flunked in 2nd and 3rd year. So in all I took 4 + 2 = 7 years.
Interviewer: But 4+2 is 6.
Candidate: Oh, is it? You know I always had KT in maths. But I will try to keep this in mind. 4+2 is 6, good, thanks. These cricket matches really affect exams a lot. I think they should ban it.
Interviewer : Good to know that you want cricket matches to be banned.
Candidate: No, no.. I am talking about Exams!!
Interviewer: Ok, What is your biggest achievement in life?
Candidate: Obviously, completing my Engineering. My mom never thought I would complete it. In fact, when I flunked in 3rd year, she was looking for a job for me in BEST (Bus corporation in Maharashtra) through some relative ..
Interviewer: Do you have any plans of higher study?
Candidate: He he he.. Are you kidding? Completing 'lower' education itself was so much of pain!!
Interviewer: Let's talk about technical stuff. On which platforms have you worked?
Candidate: Well, I work at SEEPZ, so you can say Andheri is my current platform. Earlier I was at Vashi center. So Vashi was my platform then. As you can see I have experience of different platforms! (Vashi and Andheri are the places in Mumbai)
Interviewer: And which languages have you used?
Candidate: Marathi, Hindi, English. By the way, I can keep quiet in German, French, Russian and many other languages.
Interviewer: Why VC is better than VB?
Candidate: It is a common sense - C comes after B. So VC is a higher version than VB. I heard very soon they are coming up with a new language VD!
Interviewer : Do you know anything about Assembly Language?
Candidate : Well, I have not heard of it. But I guess, this is the language our ministers and MPs use in assembly.
Interviewer: What is your general project experience?
Candidate: My general experience about projects is - most of the times they are in pipeline!
Interviewer: Can you tell me about your current job?
Candidate: Sure, Currently I am working for Bata InfoTech ltd. Since joining BIL, I am on Bench. Before joining BIL, I used to think that Bench was another software like Windows.
Interviewer: Do you have any project management experience?
Candidate: No, but I guess it shouldn't be difficult. I know Word and Excel. I can talk a lot. I know how to dial for International phone call and use speaker facility. And very important - I know few words like - 'Showstoppers', 'hotfixes', 'SEI-CMM', 'quality', 'versioncontrol', 'deadlines', 'Customer Satisfaction' etc. Also I can blame others for my mistakes!
Interviewer: What are your expectations from our company?
Candidate: Not much.
1. I should at least get 40,000 in hand.
2. I would like to work on a live EJB project. But it should not have deadlines. I personally feel that pressure affects natural talent.
3. I believe in flexi-timings.
4. Dress code is against basic freedom, so I would like to wear t-shirt and jeans.
5. We must have sat-sun off. I will suggest wednesday off also, so as to avoid breakdown due to overwork.
6. I would like to go abroad 3 times a year on short term preferably 1-2 months) assignments. Personally I prefer US, Australia and Europe . But considering the fact that there is a world cup in West Indies in 2007,I don't mind going there in that period . As you can see I am modest and don't have many expectations. So can I assume my selection?
Interviewer: He he he ha ha ha. Thanks for your interest in our organization. In fact I was never entertained so much before. :-)) We look forward to working with you .. welcome to Infosys :-)
All in good fun guys... Enjoy!
I dont know whether it is true...I found it in net...quite an interesting stuff...
enjoy the conversation.
Interviewer: Tell me about yourself.
Candidate: I am Kondesh Kulkarni. I did my Tele Communication engineering from BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology.
Interviewer: BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology? I had never heard of this college before!
Candidate: Great! Even I had not heard of it before getting an admission into it. What happened is - due to cricket world cup I scored badly in 12th. I was getting a paid seat in a good college. But my father said (I prefer to call him 'baap') - "I cannot invest so much of money". (The baap actually said - "I will never waste so much of money on you"). So I had to join this college. Frankly speaking this name - BabanRao Dhole-Patil, can at the most be related to a Shetakari Mahavidyalaya.
Interviewer: ok, ok. It seems you have taken 6 years to complete your engineering.
Candidate : Actually I tried my best to finish it in 4 years. But you know , these cricket matches and football world cup, and tennis tournaments..It is difficult to concentrate. So I flunked in 2nd and 3rd year. So in all I took 4 + 2 = 7 years.
Interviewer: But 4+2 is 6.
Candidate: Oh, is it? You know I always had KT in maths. But I will try to keep this in mind. 4+2 is 6, good, thanks. These cricket matches really affect exams a lot. I think they should ban it.
Interviewer : Good to know that you want cricket matches to be banned.
Candidate: No, no.. I am talking about Exams!!
Interviewer: Ok, What is your biggest achievement in life?
Candidate: Obviously, completing my Engineering. My mom never thought I would complete it. In fact, when I flunked in 3rd year, she was looking for a job for me in BEST (Bus corporation in Maharashtra) through some relative ..
Interviewer: Do you have any plans of higher study?
Candidate: He he he.. Are you kidding? Completing 'lower' education itself was so much of pain!!
Interviewer: Let's talk about technical stuff. On which platforms have you worked?
Candidate: Well, I work at SEEPZ, so you can say Andheri is my current platform. Earlier I was at Vashi center. So Vashi was my platform then. As you can see I have experience of different platforms! (Vashi and Andheri are the places in Mumbai)
Interviewer: And which languages have you used?
Candidate: Marathi, Hindi, English. By the way, I can keep quiet in German, French, Russian and many other languages.
Interviewer: Why VC is better than VB?
Candidate: It is a common sense - C comes after B. So VC is a higher version than VB. I heard very soon they are coming up with a new language VD!
Interviewer : Do you know anything about Assembly Language?
Candidate : Well, I have not heard of it. But I guess, this is the language our ministers and MPs use in assembly.
Interviewer: What is your general project experience?
Candidate: My general experience about projects is - most of the times they are in pipeline!
Interviewer: Can you tell me about your current job?
Candidate: Sure, Currently I am working for Bata InfoTech ltd. Since joining BIL, I am on Bench. Before joining BIL, I used to think that Bench was another software like Windows.
Interviewer: Do you have any project management experience?
Candidate: No, but I guess it shouldn't be difficult. I know Word and Excel. I can talk a lot. I know how to dial for International phone call and use speaker facility. And very important - I know few words like - 'Showstoppers', 'hotfixes', 'SEI-CMM', 'quality', 'versioncontrol', 'deadlines', 'Customer Satisfaction' etc. Also I can blame others for my mistakes!
Interviewer: What are your expectations from our company?
Candidate: Not much.
1. I should at least get 40,000 in hand.
2. I would like to work on a live EJB project. But it should not have deadlines. I personally feel that pressure affects natural talent.
3. I believe in flexi-timings.
4. Dress code is against basic freedom, so I would like to wear t-shirt and jeans.
5. We must have sat-sun off. I will suggest wednesday off also, so as to avoid breakdown due to overwork.
6. I would like to go abroad 3 times a year on short term preferably 1-2 months) assignments. Personally I prefer US, Australia and Europe . But considering the fact that there is a world cup in West Indies in 2007,I don't mind going there in that period . As you can see I am modest and don't have many expectations. So can I assume my selection?
Interviewer: He he he ha ha ha. Thanks for your interest in our organization. In fact I was never entertained so much before. :-)) We look forward to working with you .. welcome to Infosys :-)
All in good fun guys... Enjoy!
Are you rich?
Hi friends, I found this article in my mail...an excellent one..another occasion of a child teaching his father :)
One day, the father of a very wealthy family took his son on a trip to the country with the express purpose of showing him how poor people live.
They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of what would be considered a very poor family.
On their return from their trip, the father asked his son, 'How was the
trip?'
'It was great, Dad.'
'Did you see how poor people live?' the father asked.
'Oh yeah,' said the son.
'So, tell me, what did you learn from the trip?' asked the father
The son answered:
I saw that we have one dog and they had four.
We have a pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a creek that has no end.
We have imported lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night.
Our patio reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon.
We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields that go beyond our sight.
We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.
We buy our food, but they grow theirs.
We have walls around our property to protect us, they have friends to protect them.'
The boy's father was speechless.
Then his son added, 'Thanks Dad for showing me how poor we are.'
Isn't perspective a wonderful thing?
Makes you wonder what would happen if we all gave thanks for everything we have, instead of worrying about what we don't have.
Appreciate every single thing you have, especially your friends!
'Life is too short and friends are too few.'
Good one, isn't it?
One day, the father of a very wealthy family took his son on a trip to the country with the express purpose of showing him how poor people live.
They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of what would be considered a very poor family.
On their return from their trip, the father asked his son, 'How was the
trip?'
'It was great, Dad.'
'Did you see how poor people live?' the father asked.
'Oh yeah,' said the son.
'So, tell me, what did you learn from the trip?' asked the father
The son answered:
I saw that we have one dog and they had four.
We have a pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a creek that has no end.
We have imported lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night.
Our patio reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon.
We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields that go beyond our sight.
We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.
We buy our food, but they grow theirs.
We have walls around our property to protect us, they have friends to protect them.'
The boy's father was speechless.
Then his son added, 'Thanks Dad for showing me how poor we are.'
Isn't perspective a wonderful thing?
Makes you wonder what would happen if we all gave thanks for everything we have, instead of worrying about what we don't have.
Appreciate every single thing you have, especially your friends!
'Life is too short and friends are too few.'
Good one, isn't it?
Physics Humour
A BIT OF PHYSICS HUMOUR
Sir Ernest Rutherford, President of the Royal Academy, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics, related the following story:
"Some time ago I received a call from a colleague. He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physics question, while the student claimed a perfect score. The instructor and the student agreed to an impartial arbiter, and I was selected.
I read the examination question: "Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer."
The student had answered: "Take the barometer to the top of the building,attach a long rope to it, lower it to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building."
The student really had a strong case for full credit since he had really answered the question completely and correctly! On the other hand, if full credit were given, it could well contribute to a high grade in his physics course and certify competence in physics, but the answer did not confirm this. I suggested that the student have another try. I gave the student six minutes to answer the question with the warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics.
At the end of five minutes, he hadn't written anything. I asked if he wished to give up, but he said he had many answers to this problem; he was just thinking of the best one. I excused myself for interrupting him and asked him to please go on. In the next minute, he dashed off his answer, which read: "Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch.
Then, using the formula x=0.5*a*t^2, calculate the height of the building."
At this point, I asked my colleague if he would give up. He conceded, and gave the student almost full credit. While leaving my colleague's office, I recalled that the student had said that he had other answers to the problem, so I asked him what they were.
"Well," said the student, "there are many ways of getting the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer. For example, you could take the barometer out on a sunny day and measure the height of the barometer, the length of its shadow, and the length of the shadow of the building, and by the use of simple proportion, determine the height of the building."
"Fine," I said, "and others?"
"Yes," said the student, "there is a very basic measurement method you will like. In this method, you take the barometer and begin to walk up the stairs. As you climb the stairs, you mark off the length of the barometer along the wall. You then count the number of marks, and his will give you the height of the building in barometer units."
"A very direct method."
"Of course. If you want a more sophisticated method, you can tie the barometer to the end of a string, swing it as a pendulum, and determine the value of g [gravity] at the street level and at the top of the building.
From the difference between the two values of g, the height of the building, in principle, can be calculated."
"On this same tack, you could take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower it to just above the street, and then swing it as a pendulum. You could then calculate the height of the building by the period of the precession".
"Finally," he concluded, "there are many other ways of solving the problem."
"Probably the best," he said, "is to take the barometer to the basement and knock on the superintendent's door. When the superintendent answers, you speak to him as follows: 'Mr. Superintendent, here is a fine barometer. If you will tell me the height of the building, I will give you this barometer."
At this point, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.
The name of the student was Neil Bohr.
Sir Ernest Rutherford, President of the Royal Academy, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics, related the following story:
"Some time ago I received a call from a colleague. He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physics question, while the student claimed a perfect score. The instructor and the student agreed to an impartial arbiter, and I was selected.
I read the examination question: "Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer."
The student had answered: "Take the barometer to the top of the building,attach a long rope to it, lower it to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building."
The student really had a strong case for full credit since he had really answered the question completely and correctly! On the other hand, if full credit were given, it could well contribute to a high grade in his physics course and certify competence in physics, but the answer did not confirm this. I suggested that the student have another try. I gave the student six minutes to answer the question with the warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics.
At the end of five minutes, he hadn't written anything. I asked if he wished to give up, but he said he had many answers to this problem; he was just thinking of the best one. I excused myself for interrupting him and asked him to please go on. In the next minute, he dashed off his answer, which read: "Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch.
Then, using the formula x=0.5*a*t^2, calculate the height of the building."
At this point, I asked my colleague if he would give up. He conceded, and gave the student almost full credit. While leaving my colleague's office, I recalled that the student had said that he had other answers to the problem, so I asked him what they were.
"Well," said the student, "there are many ways of getting the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer. For example, you could take the barometer out on a sunny day and measure the height of the barometer, the length of its shadow, and the length of the shadow of the building, and by the use of simple proportion, determine the height of the building."
"Fine," I said, "and others?"
"Yes," said the student, "there is a very basic measurement method you will like. In this method, you take the barometer and begin to walk up the stairs. As you climb the stairs, you mark off the length of the barometer along the wall. You then count the number of marks, and his will give you the height of the building in barometer units."
"A very direct method."
"Of course. If you want a more sophisticated method, you can tie the barometer to the end of a string, swing it as a pendulum, and determine the value of g [gravity] at the street level and at the top of the building.
From the difference between the two values of g, the height of the building, in principle, can be calculated."
"On this same tack, you could take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower it to just above the street, and then swing it as a pendulum. You could then calculate the height of the building by the period of the precession".
"Finally," he concluded, "there are many other ways of solving the problem."
"Probably the best," he said, "is to take the barometer to the basement and knock on the superintendent's door. When the superintendent answers, you speak to him as follows: 'Mr. Superintendent, here is a fine barometer. If you will tell me the height of the building, I will give you this barometer."
At this point, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.
The name of the student was Neil Bohr.
Ways to bring traffic to your blog
Hi friends, based on the past few weeks of my blogging experience, I have found some reasonable ways to bring traffic to the blog.
- First, I registered in many blog directories which brought me reasonable traffic....but I wouldn't prefer this method to new bloggers.
- Then I started some topics in orkut forums and gave some links to my blogs...This was very effective....
- I visited some blogs and left my comments there, so that those bloggers would view my blog...This worked as well.
- Finally I found a better way, thats through linkreferral...just registered in the site and started viewing other sites and reviewing. If you too would like to use linkreferral to bring huge traffic to your blogs, just click on the linkreferral widget in my sidebar....
William Shakespeare's quote on friendship
" Friendship is not measured when both take care of each other;
It's measured when one ignores and the other still continues"
It's measured when one ignores and the other still continues"
The power of 112
Whenever you are struck in an unknown place with no network, and if you need an emergency support, then dial 112. It will connect you to the nearest GSM network provider irrespective of which connection or handset you own. This number can be dialed even when your keypad is locked.
A Dad's love
A sad Dad's poem...
TO MY CHILD
Just for this morning, I am going to
smile when I see your face and laugh
when I feel like crying.
Just for this morning, I will let you
choose what you want to wear,
and smile and say how perfect it is.
Just for this morning, I am going to step
over the laundry and pick you up and take you to
the park to play.
Just for this morning, I will leave the
dishes in the sink, and let you teach me how to put
that puzzle of yours together.
Just for this afternoon, I will unplug
the telephone and keep the computer off, and sit with
you in the backyard and blow bubbles.
Just for this afternoon, I will not yell
once, not even a tiny grumble when you scream and
whine for the ice cream truck, and I will buy you one
if he comes by.
Just for this afternoon, I won't worry
about what you are going to be when you grow up, or
second guess every decision I have made where you are
concerned.
Just for this afternoon, I will let you
help me bake cookies, and I won't stand over you
trying to fix them.
Just for this afternoon, I will take us
to McDonald's and buy us both a Happy Meal so you can
have both toys.
Just for this evening, I will hold you in
my arms and tell you a story about how you were
born and how much I love you.
Just for this evening, I will let you
splash in the tub and not get angry.
Just for this evening, I will let you
stay up late while we sit on the porch and count all the stars.
Just for this evening, I will snuggle
beside you for hours, and miss my favourite TV shows.
Just for this evening when I run my
finger through your hair as you pray, I will simply be
grateful that God has given me the greatest gift ever given.
I will think about the mothers and
fathers who are searching for their missing children, the
mothers and fathers who are visiting their children's
graves instead of their bedrooms. The mothers
and fathers who are in hospital rooms
watching their children suffer senselessly and screaming
inside that little body
And when I kiss you goodnight I will hold
you a little tighter, a little longer. It is then,
that I will thank God for you, and ask him for
nothing, except one more day.............
TO MY CHILD
Just for this morning, I am going to
smile when I see your face and laugh
when I feel like crying.
Just for this morning, I will let you
choose what you want to wear,
and smile and say how perfect it is.
Just for this morning, I am going to step
over the laundry and pick you up and take you to
the park to play.
Just for this morning, I will leave the
dishes in the sink, and let you teach me how to put
that puzzle of yours together.
Just for this afternoon, I will unplug
the telephone and keep the computer off, and sit with
you in the backyard and blow bubbles.
Just for this afternoon, I will not yell
once, not even a tiny grumble when you scream and
whine for the ice cream truck, and I will buy you one
if he comes by.
Just for this afternoon, I won't worry
about what you are going to be when you grow up, or
second guess every decision I have made where you are
concerned.
Just for this afternoon, I will let you
help me bake cookies, and I won't stand over you
trying to fix them.
Just for this afternoon, I will take us
to McDonald's and buy us both a Happy Meal so you can
have both toys.
Just for this evening, I will hold you in
my arms and tell you a story about how you were
born and how much I love you.
Just for this evening, I will let you
splash in the tub and not get angry.
Just for this evening, I will let you
stay up late while we sit on the porch and count all the stars.
Just for this evening, I will snuggle
beside you for hours, and miss my favourite TV shows.
Just for this evening when I run my
finger through your hair as you pray, I will simply be
grateful that God has given me the greatest gift ever given.
I will think about the mothers and
fathers who are searching for their missing children, the
mothers and fathers who are visiting their children's
graves instead of their bedrooms. The mothers
and fathers who are in hospital rooms
watching their children suffer senselessly and screaming
inside that little body
And when I kiss you goodnight I will hold
you a little tighter, a little longer. It is then,
that I will thank God for you, and ask him for
nothing, except one more day.............
Wednesday, September 24, 2008
Sir Don's stunning interview
Hi friends, I came to know about this interview through a commentator in an India vs Australia match.
An interviewer asked Sir Don Bradman about what his average would have been if he had batted in this current era.
Sir Don said," might be in the mid fifties."
The interviewer asked whether he thought that it would be too difficult to bat in this era.
Sir Don said," No, not at all, now I am a little aged and not so fit as I was then. So, I wouldn't have been able to have averaged close to 100 now."
The interviewer was shocked.
Wow what a man...He is ofcourse a super human being.
An interviewer asked Sir Don Bradman about what his average would have been if he had batted in this current era.
Sir Don said," might be in the mid fifties."
The interviewer asked whether he thought that it would be too difficult to bat in this era.
Sir Don said," No, not at all, now I am a little aged and not so fit as I was then. So, I wouldn't have been able to have averaged close to 100 now."
The interviewer was shocked.
Wow what a man...He is ofcourse a super human being.
Cheapest internet connection
Hi friends, this is one of the cheapest way to connect internet to your mobile or PC.All you need to have is an airtel sim card. There is a cheap sim available with 1 yr validity...I think it costs around Rs.60.
- Make sure that your mobile balance is not less than Rs.1.The balance need not be more than 1 or 2 rupee.
- sms GPRS7 to 56789.
- After a while, you might receive a service msg stating that your balance is -30 rs.
- Then recharge(top-up) so that you acquire a positive balance.
- sms MO to 2567.
- switch off your mobile and then switch it on.
- now u have activated the weekly pack which originally costs 75rs.
- connect to your PC using data cable or bluetooth.
- Nokia N-series -> 460.8 kbps
- sony ericsson -> 115.2 kpbs
- samsung -> 430.8 kbps
idhayam oru kaagitham
Manitha idhayamum oru vellai kaagitham pola thaan,
athil kavithai ezhuthiya kaigalai vida, athai kasaki erintha kaigale athigam
athil kavithai ezhuthiya kaigalai vida, athai kasaki erintha kaigale athigam
Symptoms of heart attack
If you are alone and if you have symptoms of chest pain that radiates to your arm and up to your jaw, it is a "heart attack". If there is no one to help and even the hospital is too far, you can't wait, you have to help yourself.Cough repeatedly and vigorously.Take a deep breath before every cough.Deep breaths will get oxygen to lungs, coughing keeps blood circulation alive....
Another tip:
After eating your food take some tea or hot water like the Chinese, It avoids heart attack.
Save life
Another tip:
After eating your food take some tea or hot water like the Chinese, It avoids heart attack.
Save life
Life is a one way traffic
Life is a one way street,
No matter which way u take,
None of them will lead to the start.
So, ejoy each and every moment, bcoz
nothing will happen the same way again.
No matter which way u take,
None of them will lead to the start.
So, ejoy each and every moment, bcoz
nothing will happen the same way again.
Tuesday, September 23, 2008
Do u hate life?
Someone said to God, " I hate life."
God replied, " Who asked you to love life? just love a person who loves you and life will be beautiful on it's own.!"
Quite true isn't it?
God replied, " Who asked you to love life? just love a person who loves you and life will be beautiful on it's own.!"
Quite true isn't it?
Firings-Patni
In July, Mumbai-based Patni Computer Systems too gave pink slips to 400 employees on grounds of non-performance. Terming it as a routine exercise and not a slowdown setback, country’s sixth-largest exporter said that it is an effort to weed out non-performers. Rajesh Padmanabhan, vice-president and head, global HR, Patni, said, “This is an absolutely regular appraisal that is important for any performance-driven organisation. It is something standard we do every year.
Employees who have got 0-1 rating on a scale of 5 typically form the basis for the first-level shortlist. These are performance-based resignations; we’ve not issued any termination letters.” However, industry sources reveal that the laid off employees included several project managers as well.
Incidentally, while in case of TCS, the retrenched number was about 0.5 per cent of the workforce, for Patni, it made for closer to 3 per cent of the 14,800-strong workforce. Narendra K Patni, Chairman and CEO, Patni Computer Systems said, “The overall market environment remains challenging with prevailing global uncertainties. We are cautious in our short-term outlook but remain positive on long-term prospects and are continuing our investments in identified areas”.
Employees who have got 0-1 rating on a scale of 5 typically form the basis for the first-level shortlist. These are performance-based resignations; we’ve not issued any termination letters.” However, industry sources reveal that the laid off employees included several project managers as well.
Incidentally, while in case of TCS, the retrenched number was about 0.5 per cent of the workforce, for Patni, it made for closer to 3 per cent of the 14,800-strong workforce. Narendra K Patni, Chairman and CEO, Patni Computer Systems said, “The overall market environment remains challenging with prevailing global uncertainties. We are cautious in our short-term outlook but remain positive on long-term prospects and are continuing our investments in identified areas”.
Source: Economictimes
Firing-Wipro
The bad news has come from India’s third largest IT outsourcer, Wipro Technologies too. The company has already laid off 1,000 employees, and another 2,000 employees have been put on scanner. The company is reviewing the performance of 60,000 global IT services employees from the senior leadership team down to the person with one-year experience.
Terming it as a regular exercise, company’s corporate vice-president (human resources) Pratik Kumar said, “As the appraisal cycle gets over, a multi-layer review happens. Following that, people who have fallen in the lower quadrants of performance are put on watch. Some are asked to pull up and others are asked to move on.” He added that, “We took a closer look at our hiring and realised that we did not need to hire more, since there were people on the bench.” Many employees are being given counselling to improve their performance, others may be asked to leave.
At the end of the quarter ended June 2008, Wipro’s IT services employee base had fallen to 61,345 from 62,070 employees at the end of the previous quarter.
Terming it as a regular exercise, company’s corporate vice-president (human resources) Pratik Kumar said, “As the appraisal cycle gets over, a multi-layer review happens. Following that, people who have fallen in the lower quadrants of performance are put on watch. Some are asked to pull up and others are asked to move on.” He added that, “We took a closer look at our hiring and realised that we did not need to hire more, since there were people on the bench.” Many employees are being given counselling to improve their performance, others may be asked to leave.
At the end of the quarter ended June 2008, Wipro’s IT services employee base had fallen to 61,345 from 62,070 employees at the end of the previous quarter.
Firing-TCS
According to a recent report Asia’s largest software exporter, Tata Consultancy Services is gearing up to another round of layoffs. The company also plans to discourage employees from staying on bench for more than two months on any of its centres. Incidentally, the company had also fired close to 500 employees, citing poor performance after its annual appraisal. It was also among the very first companies to announce a cut in the employee variable pay across the board.
The company which sees some project delays this quarter, but no cancellations, terms this as an employee utilisation exercise. The process will involve counselling employees and training them. Employees would be asked to undertake projects on which they have never worked on and will have to update their skills. Recently, TCS also retrenched 15 employees from its Australian subsidiary. Interestingly, last month too, the company had shown door to some 25 employees from its Kolkata and Bangalore centers for fudging CVs. By June-end, the total employee strength TCS stood at 116,300, across 64 countries. The company hired 8,982 employees in the first quarter.
The company which sees some project delays this quarter, but no cancellations, terms this as an employee utilisation exercise. The process will involve counselling employees and training them. Employees would be asked to undertake projects on which they have never worked on and will have to update their skills. Recently, TCS also retrenched 15 employees from its Australian subsidiary. Interestingly, last month too, the company had shown door to some 25 employees from its Kolkata and Bangalore centers for fudging CVs. By June-end, the total employee strength TCS stood at 116,300, across 64 countries. The company hired 8,982 employees in the first quarter.
Source: Economictimes
Firing-Satyam
After delayed appraisals and cut in payouts, India’s fourth largest IT service provider, Satyam Computer is reported to downsize its workforce by a whopping 4,500 employees. This translates to a little less than 9 per cent of the 51,000 employees that the company employs. Company sources reveal that 1,500 employees have been put under the performance improvement plan (PIP), euphemism for employees put on watch list and asked to shape up or ship out. Apart from this, 3,000 others have not been given any increment in the last appraisal cycle, thereby indicating that their services are dispensable. The company’s chief Ramalinga Raju had sent out an email to all employees warning them, especially the ones on the bench, to not bunk office and be in their best dress code, failing which they may face strict disciplinary action.
The company is reported to have handed pink slips to about 400 engineers and associates in Hyderabad, Pune and Visakhapatnam centers. The company management reportedly asked some of the employees to move out of its rolls to a contractual agreement or leave. Like its peers, Satyam too claims that the layoffs are a part of its appraisal system. Global head, human resources, SV Krishnan says, “Our experience has shown that around half of them exit the system either voluntarily or involuntarily. We have concluded our appraisal process some weeks back, and we believe we are witnessing similar trends like those in the past.” There were also reports that the company has deferred the joining date of 7500 graduates it had recruited from various college campuses this year.
However, the company said that it has no intention of withdrawing these offers. Interestingly, the company has recently announced plans to hire 15000 this year.
The company is reported to have handed pink slips to about 400 engineers and associates in Hyderabad, Pune and Visakhapatnam centers. The company management reportedly asked some of the employees to move out of its rolls to a contractual agreement or leave. Like its peers, Satyam too claims that the layoffs are a part of its appraisal system. Global head, human resources, SV Krishnan says, “Our experience has shown that around half of them exit the system either voluntarily or involuntarily. We have concluded our appraisal process some weeks back, and we believe we are witnessing similar trends like those in the past.” There were also reports that the company has deferred the joining date of 7500 graduates it had recruited from various college campuses this year.
However, the company said that it has no intention of withdrawing these offers. Interestingly, the company has recently announced plans to hire 15000 this year.
Has the downfall of IT started?
- TCS planning for more layoffs
- Wipro has already sacked 1000, still 2000 in question.
- Its been said that Satyam is about to axe 4500 employees
- IBM started sacking even before the downfall had begun, 700 entry level employees sacked.
- Some companies have ceased the salary hikes of it's employees.
Above all these, the worst scenario is about the future of all those students who have been recruited by the IT companies this year and still worse is the future of lakhs of students who have persuaded their graduation in IT and C.Sc......
Lets hope this is not the beginning of deterioration rather it's only a slight hick up.
Friday, September 19, 2008
From a Child's point of view
One rainy day,a mother started to pick her son from school,
thinking he would fear on seeing the lightening.
On the way she found him smiling at the sky for every strike of lightening,
She asked why?
He smiled and said,
" God is taking my photo,I have to look good.
that s why I smiled"
.......So, smile when problem threatens.
thinking he would fear on seeing the lightening.
On the way she found him smiling at the sky for every strike of lightening,
She asked why?
He smiled and said,
" God is taking my photo,I have to look good.
that s why I smiled"
.......So, smile when problem threatens.
Precious time
This is a famous quote written at a tokyo bus stop.
"Only bus stops here,
not time,
so don't waste your time,
keep moving with your duties"
"Only bus stops here,
not time,
so don't waste your time,
keep moving with your duties"
Beautiful lines by Mother Therasa
"Kannuku theriyum Manitharaiye Nesikka mudiyaavittal,
Kannuku theriyaadha kadavulai eppadi nesikka mudiyum?
....Mother Therasa
Kannuku theriyaadha kadavulai eppadi nesikka mudiyum?
....Mother Therasa
Varumaiyin kavidhai
Antha siruvan netru iravu mattum,
neenda neram padithaan,
"Paritchai enbadhaal alla, powrnami enbadhaal!!!"
neenda neram padithaan,
"Paritchai enbadhaal alla, powrnami enbadhaal!!!"
Interesting English
These words have 1 thing in common.....
Figure it out?
Banana
Dresser
Grammar
Potato
Revive
Uneven
Assess
The answer is:
In all the words listed here,if you take the first letter and place it at the end of the word and spell the words backward, it will be the same word!!!
Figure it out?
Banana
Dresser
Grammar
Potato
Revive
Uneven
Assess
The answer is:
In all the words listed here,if you take the first letter and place it at the end of the word and spell the words backward, it will be the same word!!!
Commitment
" Commitment" doesn't mean
sticking to a person when we don't have any option,
it means maintaining a relationship
with someone even when we have lots of options.
sticking to a person when we don't have any option,
it means maintaining a relationship
with someone even when we have lots of options.
lollu
Maram vaadinal
thaneer viduven....
Un manam vaadinaal
kaneer viduven
Nee vaadinaal
en uyiraye viduven
Unnai santhosha paduthuvatharkaga
eppadi reel viduven
thaneer viduven....
Un manam vaadinaal
kaneer viduven
Nee vaadinaal
en uyiraye viduven
Unnai santhosha paduthuvatharkaga
eppadi reel viduven
Nilavu
"Naan unnai paarka varugiren...!
anaal yeano naan pogum varai imaigalai nee thirapathe illai"
varuthathudan,
nila.
anaal yeano naan pogum varai imaigalai nee thirapathe illai"
varuthathudan,
nila.
oru malar'in kavidhai
Malargal Kallaraiyai paarthu solgirathu,
"Avalukaaga ennai kondrai,
aval unnaiye kondru vittaal,
inru un arugil yaarumillai ennai thavira."
"Avalukaaga ennai kondrai,
aval unnaiye kondru vittaal,
inru un arugil yaarumillai ennai thavira."
netru, indru, naalai
andru:
Ahimsai, sathyagraham, Thandi yaathirai- Anniyanidam irunthu viduthalai vaanga......
inru:
aptitude, gd, interview - meendum anniyanidam adimaiyaga.
Ahimsai, sathyagraham, Thandi yaathirai- Anniyanidam irunthu viduthalai vaanga......
inru:
aptitude, gd, interview - meendum anniyanidam adimaiyaga.
Can you believe it?
1.Monalisa has no eyebrows.
2.The first owner of Marlboro cigarette company died of lung cancer.
3.Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of telephone could never ring to his wife or mom because they both were deaf.
4.'I am' is the shortest complete sentence in the english language.
do you know:
1.blood travels 30 crore kilometers per day.
2.hair grows 0.425 cm/day.
3.Mouth speaks on an avg of 4800 words/day.
4.Eyes blink 42 lakh times per day on an average.
2.The first owner of Marlboro cigarette company died of lung cancer.
3.Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of telephone could never ring to his wife or mom because they both were deaf.
4.'I am' is the shortest complete sentence in the english language.
do you know:
1.blood travels 30 crore kilometers per day.
2.hair grows 0.425 cm/day.
3.Mouth speaks on an avg of 4800 words/day.
4.Eyes blink 42 lakh times per day on an average.
Donate blood
This ia an excellent quote written in one of the hoardings
to rapid speed drivers:
"If you want to donate your blood,
dont do it on the road,
donate it to the blood bank!"
to rapid speed drivers:
"If you want to donate your blood,
dont do it on the road,
donate it to the blood bank!"
True friend
To love without condition,
to talk without intention,
to give without reason and
to care without expectations
is the heart of true friends.
to talk without intention,
to give without reason and
to care without expectations
is the heart of true friends.
Should we worry?
Worrying does not solve tomorrow's problem
but
it takes away today's peace.
so stop worrying...enjoy.
Keep your life moving with a smile.
but
it takes away today's peace.
so stop worrying...enjoy.
Keep your life moving with a smile.
Height of craziness
Height of craziness:
Xerox of a blank paper.
Height of stupidity:
look through a key hole of a glass door.
Height of honesty:
A pregnant woman purchases one and a half ticket.
Height of suicide attempt:
a dwarf jumps from the footpath on to the road.
Height of joblessness:
you reading this entire thing.
Xerox of a blank paper.
Height of stupidity:
look through a key hole of a glass door.
Height of honesty:
A pregnant woman purchases one and a half ticket.
Height of suicide attempt:
a dwarf jumps from the footpath on to the road.
Height of joblessness:
you reading this entire thing.
Thursday, September 11, 2008
For my best friend
The most touching lines written for my best friend
"Ever u miss me, never a cry.
For a drop of tear in your eyes,
is a day less in my life."
Friendship rules.
"Ever u miss me, never a cry.
For a drop of tear in your eyes,
is a day less in my life."
Friendship rules.
Why I call u a friend?
Friendship is a strange thing. We find ourselves telling each other the deepest details of our lives, things we wont even share with our families.
So what is a friend?
a confidence?
a lover?
a shoulder to cry on?
an ear to listen?
a heart to feel?
A friend can be all of these things and more.No matter how long we have been together, I call u a friend because u read and understand me better than I do.....
Keep rocking
So what is a friend?
a confidence?
a lover?
a shoulder to cry on?
an ear to listen?
a heart to feel?
A friend can be all of these things and more.No matter how long we have been together, I call u a friend because u read and understand me better than I do.....
Keep rocking
Adolf Hitler
"Never design your character like a garden
where anyone can walk,
design it like a sky
where everyone aspire to reach...."
Keep rocking.
where anyone can walk,
design it like a sky
where everyone aspire to reach...."
Keep rocking.
How to recover your past?
Do not count what you have lost...
just see what you have now,
because past never comes back, but sometimes
future can give u back what you have lost...
just see what you have now,
because past never comes back, but sometimes
future can give u back what you have lost...
True Love
A boy was in love with an ugly girl!
his friend asked why he loved her?
he immediately replied'
"only if u can borrow my eyes, u could see how beautiful she is"
....Thats true love
his friend asked why he loved her?
he immediately replied'
"only if u can borrow my eyes, u could see how beautiful she is"
....Thats true love
Love Program
/* lol */
#include
#include
void main()
{
int slippers, rose;
if(love==okay)
printf("rose");
else
printf("slippers");
escape();
getch();
}
#include
#include
void main()
{
int slippers, rose;
if(love==okay)
printf("rose");
else
printf("slippers");
escape();
getch();
}
Thursday, August 7, 2008
Genetic Algorithm - History
INTRODUCTION:
Genetic algorithms are computerized search and optimization algorithm based on the mechanics of natural genetics and natural selection. Professor John Holland of the
Coding a GA
dLet us consider a minimization problem
eg: f(x) = x^2 + 5(x) + 6
since it's a quadratic equation, it has got 2 solutions....lets say an x1 and x2.
This problem is subjected to a constraint x(l) <= x(i) <= x(u) i = 1, 2… N , where l and u specify the upper and lower limits and i specifies the no of solutions.
Evaluate strings in the new population. Set t= t+1 and go to step 3
eg: f(x) = x^2 + 5(x) + 6
since it's a quadratic equation, it has got 2 solutions....lets say an x1 and x2.
This problem is subjected to a constraint x(l) <= x(i) <= x(u) i = 1, 2… N , where l and u specify the upper and lower limits and i specifies the no of solutions.
Step 1:
Choose a coding o represent problem parameters, a selection operator, a crossover operator, and a mutation operator. Choose population size, n, crossover probability,
and mutation probability, 
. Initialize a random population of strings of size
. Choose a maximum allowable generation number tmax. Set t=0.
To know about choosing GA parameters Click here
Step 2:
Evaluate each string in the population.
To know about evaluation Click here
Step 3:
If no of generations is exceeded or other termination criteria are satisfied, terminate.
Step 4:
Perform reproduction on the population.
Step 5:
Perform crossover on random pairs of strings.
To know about cross over, Click here
Step 6:
Perform mutation on every string.
To know about mutation, Click here
Evaluate strings in the new population. Set t= t+1 and go to step 3
Mutation in a GA
•
Create a neighborhood point of the current point – to achieve local search.
Create a neighborhood point of the current point – to achieve local search.
• Mutation is an arbitrary change in a situation. Sometimes it is used to prevent the algorithm from getting stuck.
•Bit wise mutation operator mutate the string bit by bit.
Eg: 11010101 == 11011101
Cross Over in GA
In reproduction, good strings in a population are probabilistically assigned a large number of copies and a mating pool is formed. It is important to note that no new strings are formed in the reproduction phase. In the crossover operator, new strings are created by exchanging information among he strings of the matting pool. Many crossover operators exist in GA literature. In most crossover operators, two strings are picked from the matting pool at random and some portions of the strings are exchanged between the strings. A single-point crossover operator is performed by randomly choosing a crossing site along the string and by exchanging all bits on the right side of the crossing site as shown:
0 0 | 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 1 1
1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 | 0 0 0
These two strings participating in the crossover operation are known as parent strings and the resulting strings are known as children strings. It is intuitive from this construction that good substrings from parent strings can be combined to form a better child string, if an appropriate site is chosen. Since the knowledge of an appropriate site is usually not known beforehand, a random site is often chosen. With a random site, the children strings produced may or may not have a combination of good substrings from he parent strings, depending on whether or not the crossing site falls in the appropriate place. But we don’t worry about this too much, because if good strings are created by crossover, there will be more copies of them in the next mating pool generated by the reproduction operator. But if good strings are not created by crossover, they will not survive too long, because reproduction will select against those strings in subsequent generation.
It is clear from this discussion that the effect of crossover may be detrimental or beneficial. Thus, in order to preserve some of the good strings that are already present in the mating pool, not all strings in the mating pool are used in crossover. When a crossover probability of 
is used, only 100 percent strings in the population are used in the crossover operation and 100(1-) percent of the population remains as hey are in the current population.
Eg: 11001|001 11001|101
00110|101 == 00110|001
Evalation of a GA-string
- In order to use GA’s to solve the above problem, variables xi’s are first coded in some string structures.I used a binary coded GA.
- Then we could find the values of x(i) using the linear mapping rule as follows:
x(i) = x(l) + [ ( ( x(u) - x(l) ) / ( 2^l - 1 ) ) *dv(s)].
where dv(s) is the decoded decimal value of the string.
- substitute the values of x(i) in the respective f(x).
- CALCULATE FITNESS FUNCTION
F(X) = 1/1+f(X)
- CALCULATE A = ACTUAL FITNESS/AVERAGE FITNESS(EXPECTED COUNT)
- CALCULATE PROBABILITY OF SELECTION (B) = EXPECTED COUNT/TOTAL NO OF CHROMOSOMES
- CALCULATE CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY (C).
- GENERATE RANDOM NO BETWEEN 0 AND 1 (D)
- DETERMINE THE INTERVAL WHERE THE RANDOM NUMBER
Chosing GA parameters
The following are the parameters to GA:
- The Probability of Cross over (pc)
- The Probability of Mutation (pm)
- No of generations (n)
- String length (l)
- 0.6<=pc<=0.9.
- 0
<=pm<=0.1. - It depends on your processors's speed. 100 is an optimal one.
- Increase in l increases accuracy but decreases speed. 20 is an optimal value.
Monday, July 28, 2008
Being idle is the toughest job!!!
I completed my B.E...but after that? I tried so many different things to pass my time...but none worked out. I got my placement in a reputed I.T concern. But to my bad luck, the share market faced a huge breakdown, which made most of the companies to postpone their recruitment process.
I watched English movies which were ranked among the top 250 films in the IMDB. This made me relax a little bit. After attainin a stage of exhaustion, I decided to switch over. My friends and I started attending interviews so that we could get a job in BPO or a call center. We were rejected everywhere because of our marks in our Higher sec and UG...They were too high for them, which caused a doubt in them as to whether we would join in their concern. But they didn understand our real situation.
A lady said, she is rejecting us because there was some tamil mixed in our English...The English that she spoke was horrible to say the least. A man from a consultancy was trying to talk to us.We could'n understand. He gave us an impression that he has swallowed a banana...We asked him if he's all right.He told us that he was trying to speak in American accent.
The worst of them all is he adviced us to follow him....
Now, the last thing I'm gonna try is blogging.....
About me
Hi Friends,
This is my first experience in Blogging. I did my B.E in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. I got placed in an MNC and guess what I'm doin now.
.....nothing at all......
I,m waiting to receive my date of joining.I temporarily joined an institution named Newton Solutions, where we give trainin in courses like VLSI, EMBEDDED, C, C++ and MATLAB.
To know about me in detail CLICK HERE
This is my first experience in Blogging. I did my B.E in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. I got placed in an MNC and guess what I'm doin now.
.....nothing at all......
I,m waiting to receive my date of joining.I temporarily joined an institution named Newton Solutions, where we give trainin in courses like VLSI, EMBEDDED, C, C++ and MATLAB.
To know about me in detail CLICK HERE
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